<\/p>\n
1. Overview of C++ Arrays<\/strong><\/h4>\nArray in C++ is a data structure that stores fixed-length sequential collection of elements. These elements must be of the same type. In order words, we have a collection of variables of same type stored under similar name.<\/p>\n
For example, if we have 100 scores, it would we could declare this hundred scores with just on name: score. Then we can access individual scores as score[0], score[1], score[2] and so on. Elements of an array are accessed using their index. That is the number in square brackets.<\/p>\n
Arrays are stored in contiguous memory locations.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
2. Array Declaration<\/strong><\/h4>\nJust like variable declaration, you also need to declare arrays before use. To declare an array, you need to specify the data type and the size of the array(that is the number of elements). The general syntax for a 1-dimensional array is:<\/p>\n
type arrayName [ Size ];\r\n<\/pre>\nFor example, to declare an array of\u00a0 50 integers, it would be:<\/p>\n
int<\/span> score[50<\/span>]\r\n<\/pre>\nNote that the size of the array must be integer and greater than zero.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
3. Array Initialization<\/strong><\/h4>\nThis is a way to assign initial values to array elements. For example, the code below declares array of 4 double and initializes them as well.<\/p>\n
double<\/span> balance[4<\/span>] =<\/span> {26.4<\/span>, 3.4<\/span>, 75.0<\/span>, 750.50<\/span>};\r\n<\/pre>\nYou can see that the number of elements in curly braces { } is same as the number in the declaration, 4.<\/p>\n
You can also omit the size of the array like so<\/p>\n
double<\/span> score[] =<\/span> {96.4<\/span>, 67.4<\/span>, 75.0<\/span>, 75.50<\/span>};\r\n<\/pre>\nI would still work because the compiler would check the number of elements assigned and then reserve memory accordingly.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
4. Addressing Array Elements<\/strong><\/h4>\nAs mentioned before, each element of an array has an index. But note that the index is zero-based. So the first element has index of 0, the second element has index of 1 and so on.<\/p>\n
To access an element, you use the name of the array with the index in square brackets [ ]. So the code below would retrieve the third score and assign it to a variable student_score<\/p>\n
double<\/span> student_score =<\/span> score[2<\/span>]\r\n<\/pre>\nIn the same way, you can assign a value to a particular array element. This would replace the existing value. For example, the code below would change the second score from 67.4 to 99.9.<\/p>\n
score[1<\/span>] =<\/span> 99.9<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n <\/p>\n
5. Multidimensional Arrays<\/strong><\/h4>\nThe array we’ve considered so far are 1-dimensional arrays. This means that they represent a list of numbers. However, we could also have arrays that could be used to represent a matrix.<\/p>\n
Just like variable declaration, you also need to declare arrays before use. To declare an array, you need to specify the data type and the size of the array(that is the number of elements). The general syntax for a 1-dimensional array is:<\/p>\n
type arrayName [ Size ];\r\n<\/pre>\nFor example, to declare an array of\u00a0 50 integers, it would be:<\/p>\n
int<\/span> score[50<\/span>]\r\n<\/pre>\nNote that the size of the array must be integer and greater than zero.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
3. Array Initialization<\/strong><\/h4>\n
This is a way to assign initial values to array elements. For example, the code below declares array of 4 double and initializes them as well.<\/p>\n
double<\/span> balance[4<\/span>] =<\/span> {26.4<\/span>, 3.4<\/span>, 75.0<\/span>, 750.50<\/span>};\r\n<\/pre>\nYou can see that the number of elements in curly braces { } is same as the number in the declaration, 4.<\/p>\n
You can also omit the size of the array like so<\/p>\n
double<\/span> score[] =<\/span> {96.4<\/span>, 67.4<\/span>, 75.0<\/span>, 75.50<\/span>};\r\n<\/pre>\nI would still work because the compiler would check the number of elements assigned and then reserve memory accordingly.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
4. Addressing Array Elements<\/strong><\/h4>\n
As mentioned before, each element of an array has an index. But note that the index is zero-based. So the first element has index of 0, the second element has index of 1 and so on.<\/p>\n
To access an element, you use the name of the array with the index in square brackets [ ]. So the code below would retrieve the third score and assign it to a variable student_score<\/p>\n
double<\/span> student_score =<\/span> score[2<\/span>]\r\n<\/pre>\nIn the same way, you can assign a value to a particular array element. This would replace the existing value. For example, the code below would change the second score from 67.4 to 99.9.<\/p>\n
score[1<\/span>] =<\/span> 99.9<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
5. Multidimensional Arrays<\/strong><\/h4>\n
The array we’ve considered so far are 1-dimensional arrays. This means that they represent a list of numbers. However, we could also have arrays that could be used to represent a matrix.<\/p>\n
![\"Two](\"https:\/\/www.kindsonthegenius.com\/cplusplus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/17\/2020\/08\/Two-dimensional-arrays-300x147.jpg\")
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