{"id":18,"date":"2019-04-05T15:43:52","date_gmt":"2019-04-05T15:43:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kindsonthegenius.com\/cplusplus\/?p=18"},"modified":"2020-08-06T09:51:44","modified_gmt":"2020-08-06T09:51:44","slug":"02-c-basic-syntax","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kindsonthegenius.com\/cplusplus\/02-c-basic-syntax\/","title":{"rendered":"C++ Basic Syntax"},"content":{"rendered":"

In this chapter, we would learn the basic syntax of the C++ programming language.<\/p>\n

We would cover the following:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Basic OOP Terms<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. Structure of C++ Program<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. Runing a C++ Program in Eclipse<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. Code Blocks and Lines<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. Identifiers in C++<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. C++ Reserved Words<\/a><\/li>\n
  7. Trigraphs<\/a><\/li>\n
  8. Whitespe Characters in C++<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    1. Basic OOP Terms<\/strong><\/h4>\n

    OOP means Object Oriented Programming. Some OOP terms are given below:<\/p>\n

    Let\u2019s reviews some of the important OOP terms.<\/p>\n

    Class<\/strong> \u2013 A template for creating new objects. A class specifies the attributes and behaviors of an object.<\/p>\n

    Class Variable<\/strong> \u2013 This is a variable that is shared by all objects that are created from the class. They are reference using the name of the class<\/p>\n

    Data Member<\/strong> \u2013 Variables defined in the class. They are used to hold data associated with the class<\/p>\n

    Instance Variable<\/strong> \u2013 These is a variable that is defined in a class but belongs only to the particular object of the class.<\/p>\n

    Instance<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 An object created from a class<\/p>\n

    Instantiation<\/strong> \u2013 The process of creating an instance from a class<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    2. Structure of C++ Program<\/strong><\/h4>\n

    Let’s write a simple Hello World program and then try to understand it. This is given below:<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    #include <iostream><\/span>\r\nusing<\/span> namespace<\/span> std;\r\n\r\n\/\/Program execution begins here<\/span>\r\nint<\/span> main<\/span>() {\r\n   cout <<<\/span> \"Welcome to C++\"<\/span>; \/\/ displays Welcome to C++<\/span>\r\n   return<\/span> 0<\/span>;\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\n
     <\/p>\n
    Let’s now see what the various componets are:<\/p>\n
    The first line #include <iostream><\/strong><\/em> is known as preprocessor directive. It indicates that the file iostream is needed to compile this file<\/p>\n
    The second line using namespace std<\/strong><\/em> tell the compiler to use the namespace std. For now, think of a namespace as a collection of useful objects.<\/p>\n
    The line that begins in \/\/ is a comment. It is ignored by the compiler<\/p>\n
    The line int main()<\/strong><\/em> defines a function main. This is where the program execution actually starts<\/p>\n
    cout <<“Welcome to C++”,<\/strong><\/em> print the text to the screen<\/p>\n
    The line return 0<\/strong><\/em> terminates teh main function<\/p>\n
     <\/p>\n
     <\/p>\n
    3. Runing a C++ Program in Eclipse<\/strong><\/h4>\n
    If you have correctly installled Eclipse and Set up the MinGW compiler as outlined in Lesson 2,<\/a> then open Eclipse, click on file and choose C++ project.<\/p>\n
    I recommend you watch the video to get clarification.<\/p>\n